Abraham begot Isaac. Isaac begot Jacob. Jacob begot Judah and his brothers.
2. Abraham begot Isaac ― After Abraham's conversion and the divine bestowal of a new identity, signified by the change from 'Abram' to 'Abraham', Isaac is born. Isaac's birth under the covenant distinguishes him from Ishmael, who was born before Abraham's name change and covenantal renewal. This distinction emphasizes Isaac's unique role in continuing the Abrahamic covenant, showcasing the profound interconnection between Abraham's spiritual transformation and the legacy of his descendants.
Isaac begot Jacob ― Jacob is listed instead of his later name, Israel, to highlight the personal and familial nature of the lineage. Jacob, the individual, embodies the patriarchal connection, while Israel represents the nation. This usage emphasizes Jacob's role as the direct father of Judah and his brothers, focusing on the intimate, familial bond rather than the national identity.
❑ Jacob symbolizes disobedience & exile, while the name Israel symbolizes obedience. Messiah’s goal is to elevate Jacob back to Israel.
❑ Isaac represents gevurah (strength and restraint). Jacob's use here instead of Israel suggests a continuity of the individual traits and familial lineage rather than a broader national context.
Jacob begot Judah and his brothers ― Isaac is mentioned, but not his brother Ishmael. Similarly, Jacob is mentioned, but not his brother Esau. If the purpose is to establish Abraham’s yichus (tribal/family lineage) through David, why include extended family beyond the direct lineage? This serves as a reminder of the unity and brotherhood among the twelve tribes of Israel. It emphasizes the shared heritage and destiny of the Jewish people, reinforcing the idea of a collective journey toward fulfilling Hashem's promises to all twelve tribes, including those who are ‘lost’ or ‘exiled.’ Esau and Ishmael are not mentioned since they represent the ‘nations,’ which are addressed later. This is similar to Ezekiel’s purpose who is called “the son of man[1]”.
[1] Ezekiel 1-36
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